Financial Case Polo Ralph Lauran Essay Example

Financial Case Polo Ralph Lauran Paper The results show that RL is managing its balance sheet very well; especially in he categories of profitability, capital efficiency, liquidity and financial leverage. The results also show that Rills operations are running proficiently when viewing the CARR, Debt/Asset Ratio, and Gross Profit Margin results. Two areas were highlighted as chances to Improve the overall productivity of the company and should be addressed accordingly. The areas include liquidity (quick ratio) and market valuation (market perception based on Price per Earning PIE). Once these areas were improved, the company will not have any significant risks to be concerned about. By 2013, Rills ability to quickly use their cash and convert other current assets into cash has decreased by 13. 4%, which might put their ability to fulfill their short-term obligations and debts In risk. However, RL Is still at top of peers In this area. During the same year, PIE ratio of RL has decreased by 24%, which Indicates that the market has poor expectation of the companys future earning. RL depends on department stores in selling their products especially in the US and Canada, which gives them little influence on what these department stores buy and offer their customers, or how they display their products. Also, department stores may force RL to merchandise at lower prices to Increase their margin, which consequently effect Rills Background Polo/Ralph Lauren Corporation (RL) was founded by an American designer Ralph Lauren in 1967 and currently centered in New York. The company grew magnificently in the sass and has become one of the best-known sophisticated designs in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Financial Case Polo Ralph Lauran specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Financial Case Polo Ralph Lauran specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Financial Case Polo Ralph Lauran specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The company currently sells a huge collection of products including fragrances and accessories for men and women, clothing for young boys and infants, and a variety of housewives, shoes, furs, Jewelry, leather goods, hats, and year. (Polo Ralph Lauren Corporation, 2014) Adding to its success Polo/Ralph Lauren Corporation (RL) now runs a line of restaurants as well. According to outside analysts offering 12-month price targets, Polo/Ralph Lauren Corporation has a median target of $176. 50 per share, with a high estimate of $210. 00 and a low estimate of $148. 00. Outside analysts are now estimating an average post of $8. 77 earnings per share for Ralph Lauren Corp. in the current fiscal year. Ralph Lauren Corpss revenue now boosted to 13. 6% compared to the same quarter last year. (WAKE News Analysis report, 2014). As the newly assigned SCOFF of Ralph Lauren Corpss, I have enfolded a comprehensive financial analysis of our company to give us an overall understanding on the performance and the health of our company. Such analysis will help us identify the areas that are performing well and determine areas that require improvements and more attention. The findings of this report will be used as a strategy to improve our company and help our business be at the cutting edge; hence ensure that our products and services remain up to date and meet the constant change in consumers and investors demands. Figure Current Company forecast by external analysts Analysis In order to support my conclusions and recommendations, the analysis part below contains a detailed comparison of the financial metric between Polo/Ralph Lauren Corporation (RL) and its peers Barometric Fitch Company (NAP), Reportable, INC. (ROAR), and GAP, INC. GAPS). I have conducted a financial performance analysis using the following ratio classifications: profitability, capital efficiency, liquidity, financial leverage management, market valuation, and a 3-year DuPont Analysis of RL during the period of 2011 through 2013, in compare to its peers in the same retail industry. Profitability The Revenue Analysis graph shows the revenues of Polo/Ralph Lauren Corporation (RL) in compare to our three main competitor companies within the retail industry, Barometric Fitch Company Class A (NAP), Reportable, INC. (ROAR), and GAP, INC. (GAPS). Figure 3-year Revenue comparison Figure Compound Annual Growth Rate Figure 2 shows a line chart comparing the revenues of the four companies from the financial year of 2011 to 2013. As seen in figure 2, the revenue of RL has increased by 21% in 2012 and continues to increase slowly in 2013. The rise in revenues could be result of the companys high margins on its various brands, especially in the Collection brands. (Trifles, 2014) Also, wholesale revenues have increased by 14% to reach $840 million, as a result of the companys strong performance in North American and European operations. Trifles, 2014) On the other hand, GAP, INC. Has considerably high revenues compared to the other three companies. Most of Gaps products are made with cotton, which prices have begun to recede recently. However, this made Gaps clothing relatively cheap and affordable and helped the company increases its profit margins. Barometric Fitch Co. s (NAP) and Reportable, Inc. s, (ROAR), stock seem to have l ost their appeal for investors, especially since the brands are no longer as popular as they were back in the ass, which explain the flat lines in their revenues in the period of 2011 through 2013. Figure 3 shows the Compound Annual growth rate in percentages for the four companies. RL has a growth rate of 10. 8 %, which is highest among the competitors. The high growth rate could be due to Rills recent enhancements in the retail channel by opening more stores and serving more countries through the e-commerce channel. (Trifles, 2014) Analysis for Gross Profit The gross profit comparison shown in Figure 4 illustrates how efficiently companies use labor and supplies in the production and distribution. This indicates that GAP, INC uses its resources more efficiently compared to RL. However, Ralph Laurels gross profit in 2012 grew belly 5. 5%, mainly driven by better channel and product mix. Revenue and Profitability health. It also counts as a source for paying additional expenses and future savings. Without a sufficient gross margin, the company will suffer in paying its expenses, therefore wont have the opportunity to expand in the future. In general, the higher he profit margin, the better the company performance. (Investigated). Figure 5 shows the 3-Year gross profit margin for the four companies. As we can see the profitability of RL is considerably high in a constant level, rising slightly in 2013. Which indicates that RL has performed well and is a healthy and sustainable corporation, coming in second to Barometric Fitch Co. s (NAP) and faring far better when compared to three other competitors. Capital Efficiency Return on Assets The return on Assets is an indicator of how profitable a company is in relation to its overall resources (total assets). ROAR shows the investors how efficient management is at using its assets to generate earnings. (Investigated). The return on Assets for the four companies is shown in Figure 6. RL comes second to GAP, INC in showing continuous improvements year after year, which indicates that they are both using their assets better each year. Return on Equity ROE validates a companys ability to generate profits from shareholders equity. A company of high return on equity is more capable of generating cash internally. (Investing for Beginners). Figure Return On Equity The return on equity comparison seen in Figure 7 shows that Rills ROE rises by 8. % from 2011 to 2012 with a slight increase in 2013. This indicates that Rills management is doing an excellent Job in generating a return from shareholders investments. With 42. 2% ROE rate, GAP, INC recorded the highest return on equity rate the retail industry. Barometric Fitch Co. s (NAP) seems to have a stable ROE with a slight decrease during 2013. Reportable, Inc. On the other hand, shows a significant drop in the ROE, which is an indication off major weakness within the corporation. ROE is further analyzed through DuPont model at the end of this report. Quick Ratio Quick ratio measures the ability of a company to use their cash and other current assets that are convertible into cash in order to fulfill the short-term obligations of the organization. The higher the quick ratio is, the better the companys liquidity position (Accounting-simplifier) Figure Quick Ratio Comparison The quick ratio comparison seen in Figure 8 shows that Rills ability to use its cash and current assets paying its debts is decreasing by 13. 4% from 2011 to 2013. However, the quick ratio rate of RL is much higher than its competitors and at the same time higher than the ideal quick ratio rate, which is 1:1. This indicates that we have enough current assets to pay our short-term debt. Financial Leverage Debt to Assets ratio Total debt to total assets is a leverage ratio that states the total amount of debt the company owes in compare to its assets. If the ratio is less than one, it indicates that most of the companys assets are funded through equity. If the ratio is greater than one, then most of the companys assets are funded through debt. (Investor words). As seen from the debt-asset ratio chart shown in Figure 9, all retail companies have a ratio less than 1, which indicates that all the assets of the companies are not funded through debts. The ratio of RL has been decreasing gradually from 2011 onwards. It is preferable to have a lower debt to assets ratio to insure that the companys flow of cash and borrowing will not be held back. Reportable, Inc. Has a dramatic increase in their debt to asset ratio, which indicates that the company started to be funded through debt. Barometric Fitch Co. s has a stable and flat line throughout the period of 2011 to 2013. GAP, INC has the highest ratio among competitors. Market Valuation Price to Earnings ratio Figure PIE Ratio comparison PIE is a financial metric that measures the attractiveness of a companys stock price ND determines if a stock is trading on an investment. In general, a high PIE implies that investors are expecting higher earnings growth in the future compared to As seen in Figure 10, PIE ratio of RL falls by 24% throughout the period of 2011 to 2013. Barometric Fitch Co. Tend to have a high PIE ratio in 2011 followed by a drastic decrease by 64% and manage to recover to reach out to 49. 32 % PIE rate in 2013. On the other hand, the rate of price per earning of Reportable, Inc. Has decreased radically between 2012 and 2013, which indicates that investors are expecting poor future earnings for the company. GAP, INC has a relatively low and yet slowly increasing PIE rate. DuPont Analysis Measures 2011 2012 2013 Profit Margin 10. 04% 9. 93% 10. 80% Assets turnover 1. 14 1. 27 1. 28 Fin Leverage 1. 51 1. 48 1. 43 ROE DuPont model Check (%) 17. 19% 18. 65% 19. 82% The above table is a deeper analysis of ROE for RL for the period between 2011-2013. By dividing return on equity of a company into three parts, The DuPont Analysis helps locate the part of the company that is underperforming, and therefore facilitate addressing this issue. The slight decrease in Rills profit margin during 2012 could be he result of our plan to expand by opening new stores in several locations worldwide. However, our profit margin has Jumped to 10. 80% in 2013. Assets turnover ratio has been slightly increasing through 2011 to 2013, which indicates that RL is capable of quickly turning over its asset through sales. And finally, the financial leverage shows that the companys liabilities are decreasing. Summary of results ranked in the financial performance per category. The scorecard of green specifies areas of strength with respect to being in the middle or on the upper end of the peer roof. The scorecard of Lime Green also meant in some cases that the trend line is increasing in the right direction. The scorecard used yellow to indicate average performance or an indication of a trend line starting to decrease. The color Red is a signal of being at the bottom of the peer scores and/or if there was a major concern with a continued decreasing performance. Conclusions and Recommendations Polo/Ralph Lauren Corporation competes in a very competitive industry, with a high rivalry rate. Although some competitors are bigger and have more resources than RL, et RL managed to establish a well-recognized and popular brand name in the fashion industry. The peer group financial performance analysis shows that under the current difficult economic situation, Ralph Lauren Corporation has a pretty optimistic overall financial performance. To specify, RL is managing its balance sheet very well in the categories of Profitability, Capital Efficiency, and Financial Leverage. The only areas of concern are liquidity (quick ratio) and Market Valuation. Our ability to use our cash and convert other current assets into cash has decreased by 13. 4% in 013, which means that we might find it difficult to meet our short-term obligations and debts. Nonetheless, we are still at top of peers in this area. The PIE ratio shows how the market perceives our company in compare with the peer group. RL has a median PIE rate however it is gradually decreasing which indicates that investors dont have high expectations on our future earnings. This forecasts a future risk regarding the market perception of RL as not being viewed as outperforming its peer group for growth. In order to address this concern, I recommend setting up a meeting with the executive management including the product strategy and

Free Essays on Chiavalry

Chivalry. . . . . . . . . Today Chivalry is usually known as a moral system or an honor code. It originated in the 12th century when kings ruled the country, as a code to make peace. Now there is no king or queen monarchy, now there’s that wonderful thing that we call the Government. If you were to ask me if chivalry existed today I’d have to say that there are some examples, but there sure aren’t as many as there used to be. Back in the time when King Arthur ruled a lot of the people were loyal to their king and their country. Now our wonderful crime, racism, and hate conquer all systems. Some ways that you might be able to say that chivalry still is around is perhaps clubs, such as, basketball teams or baseball teams. The teams as well as the fans have great loyalty to their team. The fans will wait outside for days to get tickets for the big game. People pay to see fights on Pay-Per-View. And if you ever go to a Hawks game I’ll guarantee you that their fans will â€Å"tell off† anyone that is saying anything bad about their beloved team! Another way that you could find chivalry today would be all the Unions. Chicago Unions have plenty of hard working men and women in all sorts of trades. They are very loyal and proud (most of them!) of their work that they have done. Then you get the people that just want their paycheck. Those are the types that really don’t show much loyalty or contribute much to their job. Some ways that you could say that there is not really chivalry in today’s society is the slowly disintegrating church. Not nearly as many people are becoming involved in the church now as in earlier centuries. If you look at the data there is a big decrease in Ministers, Priests, Nuns, and Deacons. I know this because my Dad is becoming ordained to be a Deacon in about a year. After he is done doing all of the steps, he will become a deacon in the Catholic Church. I think that some people don’t care , but also I t... Free Essays on Chiavalry Free Essays on Chiavalry Chivalry. . . . . . . . . Today Chivalry is usually known as a moral system or an honor code. It originated in the 12th century when kings ruled the country, as a code to make peace. Now there is no king or queen monarchy, now there’s that wonderful thing that we call the Government. If you were to ask me if chivalry existed today I’d have to say that there are some examples, but there sure aren’t as many as there used to be. Back in the time when King Arthur ruled a lot of the people were loyal to their king and their country. Now our wonderful crime, racism, and hate conquer all systems. Some ways that you might be able to say that chivalry still is around is perhaps clubs, such as, basketball teams or baseball teams. The teams as well as the fans have great loyalty to their team. The fans will wait outside for days to get tickets for the big game. People pay to see fights on Pay-Per-View. And if you ever go to a Hawks game I’ll guarantee you that their fans will â€Å"tell off† anyone that is saying anything bad about their beloved team! Another way that you could find chivalry today would be all the Unions. Chicago Unions have plenty of hard working men and women in all sorts of trades. They are very loyal and proud (most of them!) of their work that they have done. Then you get the people that just want their paycheck. Those are the types that really don’t show much loyalty or contribute much to their job. Some ways that you could say that there is not really chivalry in today’s society is the slowly disintegrating church. Not nearly as many people are becoming involved in the church now as in earlier centuries. If you look at the data there is a big decrease in Ministers, Priests, Nuns, and Deacons. I know this because my Dad is becoming ordained to be a Deacon in about a year. After he is done doing all of the steps, he will become a deacon in the Catholic Church. I think that some people don’t care , but also I t...

HAMAS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HAMAS - Essay Example This network sustained the MB during the death of Hassan-al Banna. The succeeding leaders of MB used a proactive approach to overthrow secular governments and revive Islam. Despite the tough suppression, the MB became a classless movement that extended beyond Egypt and found its way to Palestine. The first MB in Palestine was formed in 1946 and participated in the Arab-Israeli war in 1948. In 1952 a faction of the MB was formed-The Palestinian Islamist Party. Its radical rather than reformist approach did not gather mass appeal and after its leadership was exiled the party became insignificant. The foundations of Hamas originated in the Islamic Centre which was established in 1973 in the Gaza Strip. It took over mosques and zakat committees; it established a welfare system and founded medical, religious, and health facilities and gained mass popularity (Knudsen 2004). In December 1987 a road accident between an Israeli truck and the automobiles carrying Palestinian laborers caused an extensive uprising-the first intifada. The Islamic resistance was slow to react because until then the Islamic Centre, particularly its leader Sheikh Yasin, was not ready to declare Jihad. Therefore, the Centre agreed to fashion a second organization, Hamas, which would participate in the armed resistance. If Hamas succeeded, the Islamic Centre would declare the organization as their own. In January 1988 Hamas initiated armed retaliation; in August 1988 the Hamas charter was released which states the affiliations, objectives, social responsibility and universality of the organization. The main leadership then shifted to Amman, so it controlled the finances and the military division. In 1992 Hamas’s intelligence wing integrated into the military wing (Mishal & Sela, 2000) The militant wing of Hamas used violence against Israeli civilians for retribution

Film Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Film Analysis - Essay Example Because the lives of the men in the town are entertwined with the town itself, in that if the town is bustling and healthy, then the men in town are engaged, working and supporting their families, and when the jobs were shipped overseas, the men in the town suffered. The fates were one and same – as the town died, so did men have more problems finding a job, and these men were less masculine and less well-off then they would have been had the steel factories stayed in business. The men in this film, therefore, all live pretty hopeless lives. They are only trained, for the most part, for the steel mills. The exception to this is Gerald, who is the only white collar man in the group. Nonetheless, Gerald’s fate is also tied in with the fate of the town and of the steel industry, in that Gerald was a plant manager. Masculinity, Class and the Town of Sheffield The masculinity of the men in this movie is threatened, simply because they do not have a way of making a living for their families. The lead character, Gaz, is threatened because he has a young son, and he cannot afford to pay child support, therefore his ex refuses visitation between himself and his son. Dave, who is Gaz’ best friend, is threatened because he, too, has problems supporting himself and his wife, because he is out of a job as well. Lomper is threatened because he apparently cannot afford to leave home, and he apparently had no mates before he met Dave and Gaz. Because of this, he attempts suicide, but Dave saves him. Gerald perhaps has the most to lose, outside of Gaz, because he lives an upper class life in a tony suburb, complete with gnomes. His house is so luxurious that he has his own tanning bed, and his lifestyle is such that his wife talks about the two of them going skiing. However, because he has been out of work for the past six months, while lying to his wife (he told his wife that he was going to work everyday, when, in actuality, he was going to job club every day, looking for work). This impacts the men’s masculinity, because they cannot support themselves and their family. According to Djundjung and Irawan (2003), the fact that the men are not working impacts their masculinity and their identity, simply because so much of a man’s masculinity and identity is centered around what they do for a living. In essence, society does not have a role for these men. Thus, the men have issues with their own sense of self-worth. Dave feels that it is inevitable that his wife would cheat on him, as he has nothing to offer her, in his view. Gerald actually does lose his wife, not because he is out of work and everything they own is repossessed, but because he was so ashamed of his situation that he could not come clean with her. Gaz, despite having an outwardly cheerful, even cocky, persona, really is insecure and afraid that he is a failure as a dad. While these men are stripped of their masculinity, because they are stripped of their jo bs and their roles in society, the film also portrays a relationship that is more literal with the stripping of masculinity. This relationship is between Guy, the handsome, well-endowed man who auditions for the troupe, and Lomper. They have an attraction, and, the film intimates, a relationship with one another. The irony of this is that neither of these characters are explicitly shown to have their masculinity threatened. Not much is known about

Tools of Cinematography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tools of Cinematography - Essay Example This scene slowly immerses the audience into the alien landscape. The 3D effect used by Cameron in this portion of the movie is remarkable. The portrayal of Pandora’s rainforest is simply awesome. The mood at this point is light, no heavy drama. The lighting used by the cinematographer in this scene is suitable to the mood that the director wants to evoke. It draws forth a very naturalistic look with images of the sun rays piercing through the lush Pandora jungle. The cinematographer could have chosen an image of a dark jungle but he opted to choose a jungle showing all its glory in the light of day. The mood of Jake here is one of being hopeful. It is in this part of the movie where Neyteri tells Jake â€Å"You must choose your own Ikran and he must choose you†¦when you are ready.† Jake seems to be looking forward to the day when he will be able to ride his very own Ikran and travel with it through the vast forests of the Na’vi land. The excitement that Jak e feels is somehow reflected in the way Cameron portrayed the swiftness and velocity of Neyteri’s ride on Ikran. I think that by watching Neyteri ride Ikran, Jake was quite impressed because it gave him a liberating feeling. He probably is imagining already how it would feel to ride his own Ikran in the future. This scene gives the audience a hint of the imminent romance that will happen between Jake and Neyteri. It depicts Jake’s amusement at the awesome world of the Na’vis. One can see that Jake is amazed at how Neyteri rides Ikran and how the Ikran seem to be beholden to Neyteri. The ride of Neyteri takes the movie audience to at trip at the brilliantly colored alien world of Pandora.

The Impact of tourism on wildlife

The Impact of tourism on wildlife Impact of tourism on wildlife Since humans began to interact with animals they have always been fascinated by them. The animals give al, they live with there instincts and there way of living. If we see a animal that I hurt we want to help, and if one come up to you and look at you with there eyes that say I am hungry, how can you not help them? The way of using animals for tourist have been going on for many years. People having elephants that can do trick and monkeys that you can hold. Humans toke animals in to circuses and showed them of so that we could see that they were not that dangerous. So when humans al over the world got use to having animals in animals parks or at the circuses they need more. So to interact with animals in the wild was the next step, to have a photo of you feeding a cut koala or petting a tiger. That is were the wild life tourism is to day, with live interactions. The reason that it is big and that people want to do this thing is because over history with animals make us want to do th ings with them. Animals is a very good attraction (Reynolds and Brathwaite 2001), the travelling circuses knotweed that 100 of years ago, and it still works, have a interesting animal and people come for it. The easiest to show this is to think about what symbols is used with big companies to marketing there products for example the panda for WWF and the bull for red bull. The cute panda that everyone associates with helping the planet and a bull that make you think that drinking it makes you strong as a bull. So in this essay we will be looking at the impact that the wildlife tourism have and have had on the animals. Key points: The negative effect wildlife tourism have on animals are the effects of feeding animals, cars in parking lots that might injury or kill animals and habitat changes. The positive effect is when the wildlife interactions are under proper supervision there will be a financial contribution, and also education to the tourist and the people helping. So to see why this effect are fighter negative or positive lets look deeper on the different aspects. The wildlife tourisms biggest problem is when the animals get to used to being around people, when the peoples point with the trip is to get as close as possible, and in many cases to feed the animals (Orams 1996). What tourist do when they feed wild animals is that they changes there natural behaviors and then the future for the animals (Marint and R’eale 2007). What happens is that the young animals/ next generations learn from the beginning that humans give food. The adult animals will not teach the young ones how to find there oven food and they will relay on humans. So what happens when one animals attack for food and the managers forbid al feeding. How can the animals then find food if humans stop feeding them? Is this really the way we want the wild animals to behave? Do we want them to be pets as well, to have all the animals obeying the human? As already stated one problem with feeding animals is that they can become aggressive if they don’t get enough food, or that more dangerous animals come in to camping ground to find food from trashcans and in the peoples tenths and caravans. The one that suffer from this is not the humans, it is the animals, they can get bad food. They way to handle the animals that don’t fit in to the standards set by humans is to take them away. Ether by relocate them or to put them to sleep, humans have change the nature, and are saying that the nature have to follow the changes. An other thing that can happen is that the animals get direct injury or death by cars (Green and Higginbottom 2000). That animals at parking lots that have gotten used to get food at cars will go up to the cars and them and get hit by them (wallabies on cradle mountain national park in Tasmania, skira and smith 1991). This is a big impact since in most cases the animals die, what can be done is that if it used to be a popular area to feed the animals to put up signs so that the new tourist know that they are not allowed to feed the animals. Also to show them that there are wild animals in the area so the look where they are going, it is hard to see behind the car, but if the people are more aware of the animals they might not miss them. But Humans don’t only accidental kill the animals, they also interfering and go in to the animals habitats. That disturbs the animals behavior and inducing more stress in to there normal life (Green and Higginbottom 2000). There have been a lot of studys made that proves that when the animals here human, get photo taken of them and have cars stop close there stress levels get higher. So they then spend more energy on moving away from humans instead on their growth or reproduction (shaughnessy et.al 2008 and Courbis 2007). The main impact that humans have on animals when it comes to interfering is changing their habitat. That can happens in many of ways, one is to make the environment more friendly to humans like putting in walking or driving roads roads. This is bad, because if many humans walk on the road the animals will move away to be left alone, then the new road have to be made to get to then animals. The problem when not bilding walking tracks is that the tourist will w alk to the animals the way they can, so it can be the fast or the one that everyone els walks. It will still be a big impact ether way, because if people walk their oven way more of the habitat will be affected. But with walking tracks normal paths for the animals can be cut off. The effect that new drive roads can have is that people can get to the animals essayer. That will give higher speed on the cars and busses, more road kills and more contamination of gases from the cars. It will also give a higer presur on the location that it can handle more people, like car parks and trash caring. The biggest problem when people are coming in to the animals habitat is that they want to go beyond the barriers. So the fact that in national parks the guides are not well paid, so they will break the law of the park if the visitor bribes them with money (Sekhar 2003). This often happens so the tourist can go closer to the animals and that disturbs the animals more. The way to stop this is to pa y the guides more and educate them so the know why it is bad for the animals. Even draw the parallel to that if the animals get disturb to much they might move away and the guide can loss their small income. One other problem that the wild life industry have is to measure the impact. That the animals get more street by human presents is a fact (Courbis 2007 and Shaughnessy et.al 2008). But that is the only way of measuring it there are still animals that will come closer to the people to get food. One way of dealing with this is to use the precautionary principle, this is a principle that implies that there is a responsibility to protect the humans from exposure to harm where scientific investigation discovers a possible risk (Matthee, Vermersch 2000 and Orams 2002). So the principle is to be carefully when in this case staring a wildlife tourism. Is it known that animals can attack, and injury them self or/and the people. So to work with wild animals there need to be some precaution to protect both the animals and the humans. This principle is use not only by wildlife tourism, but in every way it is needed. One thing that management and evolution of the al tourism have given is wisdom, so that humans don’t keep on doing the same mistake over and over again. As said by Reynolds P, Braithwaite D (2001) that the problem with the precautionary principle it that people operation after the precautionary principle where not understood by the people coming to see the animals. And when the recognition with that it is the best way of managing something is gone the managing falls. The positive effects are fewer then the negative one, but that makes them no less important, since it is them that will help the wildlife tourisms. The financial help is the major factor that keeps the wildlife tourism working. The entry fees and guide tours contribute to some of the conservation for the animals and there habitat. That the tourist se that the money goes back to protect the animals and also to the people that work to help them. The problem is often that the rangers and other people working don’t see the money since it goes in to the government and then back to the parks. So they can ´t see how the fees are contributing to their work wish would be a reason why it is easy to bribe some of them. The fact that the workers are not well paid is a reason that they are easy to bride as said above, what to do about that? It is hard to change how money gets distributed, the reason that there is protections is for the animals, so the money should go to them. But when th e one that should follow the rules to protect the animals break them because of money, maybe more of the money should go to them so they will protect the animals better. There can always be a debate on were the money should be spend, but in the end, money will be a good help to help the tourism industry to work. For example when tourist pays to go out on boats to see whales or to dive at protected places, there is a extra fee to pay. That money goes back to the mangier that will keep the protection and be able to see that the industry is interact in with the animals the right way. The other positive effect that the tourism industries have is education. To give to the visitors so that they know how they are helping the animals and can be spread the knowledge’s around. There is no better way to spread something then to from mouth to mouth. Education will also make the people to see that it is a wild animals and not a pet. That the wild animals should live like they are not to be petted or feed. If people want to feed wild animals they should go to animal parks, not in to the wild where the animals later will be the one suffering. So to educate everyone, the rangers/ park workers and the tourist is the best way to get more people aware of the problem that can occur with wild animals. When looking at the effect that tourist have on the wild life it looks like the negative is more and have a bigger effect on the outcome then the positive. That is not the entire truth and the reason for that is the money. Tourism is one of the most money making industry. The tourism brings a lot of money in to the governments and have a huge impact on countries economy, so to have a tourism that draw people is important. As said above animal is a good way to market your product, and have always fascinated humans. So to have a big wildlife tourism is important for the economy of the world, so to stop is not the way to go, but to have it sustainable and a good managing plan is important. A lot of the negative effects have been pointed out above to be solved by relocating the animals or killing them. This is not a good method, why should the animal suffer when the humans change the natural way of things? The people were the ones going in to the forest giving animals food, or leving foo d scraps behind. The people are the ones that are changing everything in the first place and then we blame the animals for it. So to solve this good managing need to be dune to help the animals live in there habitat as they are mean to live. To stop humans from changing the environment for the animals and then blaming them for not adapting Reynolds and Brathwaite (2001) said that controlling the encounters it the best way. And that leads back to the management and that they have to solve the problem that humans started by feeding and wanting to get close to wild animals. One thing that have been mentions above is management, that to have a wildlife interaction the management have to be good. But what can they do? Looking at the negative effects that wildlife tourism can have there is a lot to be work on. That is not the case. Most of the negative effects have been work in since the where detected. Speed limits on road were wild animals might be present or fence put up and special animal rout to get a cross have been made. In most place were animals still get feed by humans they have restricted the amount of food that will be distributed so they animals still need to find food some were else. Also what Cinner and Aswani (2007) did was to get the local people to be involved to conserve there recourses. If the people living in the area and the tourist know the problem a lot of the problem is not there to begin with. So the education that is there is a fine managing plan, if the tourist know more before they get to the animals they will be lest likely to do the stupid things like petting a wild animal. So good management is the key to success. With the management the education of people comes to be, one of the best example on this is how people that where living on collection souvenirs of the animals for tourist. Like getting sea horses from the sea, or hunting gorillas to trade with their meat. Got educated and told that they where destroying their lively hood. That go them thinking and with help they instead focused on protection there resource and get more tourist to come and see it instead of selling it of and losing it al in the end. The key point to see in this is that when it comes down to the wild life industry. The people working with it and the tourist coming to enjoy it is that first word, wild. The reason people go in boat out to see and interact with whales or in to the jungle to see giant pandas (Guangming 2008) is to see and be with them in there natural habitat. One more thing to point out is natural. What happened a lot in the beginning with the interactions between humans and animals where that humans tried to change the natural way of things. The nature where here before humans, and will be here after humans if people don’t destroy it before they are gone. Conclusion. There are some problems that make interactions with wild animals both hard and dangerous. One is that wildlife tourism is having a lot of different components in it, so management is hard. As talk above that tying to us the precautionary principle is good, but it needs to be shown of in a good way, with education. We should not be able to feed or pet animals to keep the wild, when people accept that the conservation can be done in a bigger scale. The management are of the wild life tourism is what is helping the animals the most, since to protect them from being souvenirs or in captivity keep them alive and in the wild. Humans are trying to restore what have been lost and help the animals, and even though to leave the animals alone to be wild, might be the best for the animals, the money and educations that the wildlife tourism gives back to humans is what will save the industry and the animals in the end. Reference Cinner , Aswani 2007 intergratin customary managerment into marine cinservation. Biological conservation no.140 pp. 201-216 Courbis 2007 Effect of spinner dolphin presence on level of swimmer and vessel activity in hawaiian bays. Tourism in marine enviorments vol. 4 no 1 1-14 Green R. 2000 The effects of non-consumptive wildlife tourism on free-ranging wildlife : a review Pacific cons. Bio. vol.6 pp. 183-197 Guangming Xiaodong Wei Liu, Bearer, Shiqiang Zhou Yeqing Zhang Ouyang Jianguo 2008 Distribution of Economic Benefits from Ecotourism: A Case Study of Wolong Nature Reserve for Giant Pandas in China Environmental Management 42:1017–1025 Martin J.G.A. R ´eale D. 2008: Animal temperament and human disturbance: Implications for the response of wildlife to tourism Behavioural Processes 77 pp.66–72 Matthee, Vermersch 2000. Are the Precautionary Principle and the International Trade of Genetically Modified Organisms Reconcilable? Journal of agriculture and environmental ethics. V.12 no.1 59-70 Nagothu Udaya Sekhar 2003: Local people’s attitudes towards conservation and wildlife tourismaround Sariska Tiger Reserve, India Journal of Environmental Management no. 69 pp. 339–347 Orams M 1996: Conceptual model of tourist-wildlife interaction : the case for education as a management strategy, Australian geographer vol.27 no.1 pp. 39-51 Orams M 2003 : Feeding wildlife as a tourism attraction: a review of issues and impacts. Tourism Management 23 281–293 Reynolds P, Braithwaite D 2001. Towards a conceptual framework for wildlife tourism Tourism Management no.22 31-42 Shaughnessy, Nicholls, Briggs 2008: Do boats afffect fur seals at montague island, new south wales? Tourism in marine enviorments vol. 5 no 1 15-27 Skira, Smitsh 1991 feeding wildelife in narionalparks. South australia regional seminar on national parks and wildelife management, Tasmanina.

Night World : Huntress Chapter 4

Rule Number One of living with humans. Always wash the blood off before coming in the house. Jez stood at the outdoor faucet, icy-cold water splashing over her hands. She was scrubbing- carefully-a long, slim dagger made of split bamboo, with a cutting edge as sharp as glass. When it was clean, she slipped it into her right knee-high boot. Then she daubed water over several stains on her T-shirt and jeans and scrubbed them with a fingernail. Finally she whipped out a pocket mirror and examined her face critically. The girl who looked back didn't much resemble the wild, laughing huntress who had leaped from tree to tree in Muir Woods. Oh, the features were the same; the height of cheekbone, the curve of chin. They had even fined out a bit because she was a year older. The red flag of hair was the same, too, although now it was pulled back in an attempt to tame its fiery disorder. The difference was in the expression, which was sadder and wiser than Jez had ever imagined she could be, and in the eyes. The eyes weren't as silvery as they had been, not as dangerously beautiful. But that was only to be expected. She had discovered that she didn't need to drink blood as long as she didn't use her vampire powers. Human food kept her alive-and made her look more human. One other thing about the eyes. They were scarily vulnerable, even to Jez. No matter how she tried to make them hard and menacing, they had the wounded look of a deer that knows it's going to die and accepts it. Sometimes she wondered if that was an omen. Well. No blood on her face. She shoved the mirror back in her pocket. She was mostly presentable, if extremely late for dinner. She turned the faucet off and headed for the back door of the low, sweeping ranch house. Everyone looked up as she came in. The family was in the kitchen, eating at the oak table with the white trim, under the bright fluorescent light. The TV was blaring cheerfully from the family room. Uncle Jim, her mother's brother, was munching tacos and leafing through the mail. He had red hair darker than Jez's and a long face that looked almost as medieval as Jez's mother's had. He was usually off in a gentle, worried dream somewhere. Now he waved an envelope at Jez and gazed at her reproachfully, but he couldn't say anything because his mouth was full. Aunt Nanami was on the phone, drinking a diet Coke. She was small, with dark shiny hair and eyes that turned to crescents when she smiled. She opened her mouth and frowned at Jez, but couldn't say anything, either. Ricky, who was ten, had carroty hair and expressive eyebrows. He gave Jez a big smile that showed chewed-up taco in his mouth and said, â€Å"Hi!† Jez smiled back. No matter what she did, Ricky was there for her. Claire, who was Jez's age, was sitting primly, eating bits of taco with her fork. She looked like a smaller version of Aunt Nan, but with a very sour expression. â€Å"Where have you been?† she said. â€Å"We waited dinner almost an hour for you and you never even called.† â€Å"Sorry,† Jez said, looking at all of them. It was such an incredibly normal family scene, so completely typical, and it struck her to the heart. It was over a year since she had walked out of the Night World to find these people, her mother's relatives. It was eleven and a half months since Uncle Jim had taken her in, not knowing anything about her except that she was his orphaned niece and that her father's family couldn't handle her anymore and had given up on her. All these months, she had lived with the Goddard family- and she still didn't fit in. She could look human, she could act human, but she couldn't be human. Just as Uncle Jim swallowed and got his mouth clear to speak to her, she said, â€Å"I'm not hungry. I think I'll just go do my homework.† Uncle Jim called, â€Å"Wait a minute,† after her, but it was Claire who slammed down her napkin and actually followed Jez through the hall to the other side of the house. â€Å"What do you mean, ‘Sorry'? You do this every day. You're always disappearing; half the time you stay out until after midnight, and then you don't even have an explanation.† â€Å"Yeah, I know, Claire.† Jez answered without looking back. â€Å"Illtry to do better.† â€Å"You say that every time. And every time it's exactly the same. Don't you realize that my parents worry about you? Don't you even care?† â€Å"Yes, I care, Claire.† â€Å"You don't act like it. You act like rules don't apply to you. And you say sorry, but you're just going to do it again.† Jez had to keep herself from turning around and snapping at her cousin. She liked everyone else in the family, but Claire was a royal pain. Worse, she was a shrewd royal pain. And she was right; Jez was going to do it again, and there was no way she could explain. The thing was, vampire hunters have to keep weird hours. When you're on the trail of a vampire-and-shapeshifter killing team, as Jez had been this evening, chasing them through the slums ofOakland , trying to get them cornered in some crack house where there aren't little kids to get hurt, you don't think about missing dinner. You don't stop in the middle of staking the undead to phone home. Maybe I shouldn't have become a vampire hunter, Jez thought. But it's a little late to change now, and somebody's got to protect these stupid- these innocent humans from the Night World. Oh, well. She'd reached the door of her bedroom. Instead of yelling at her cousin, she simply half turned and said, â€Å"Why don't you go work on your Web page, Claire?† Then she opened the door and glanced inside. And froze. Her room, which she had left in military neatness, was a shambles. The window was wide open. Papers and clothes were scattered across the floor. And there was a very large ghoul standing at the foot of the bed. The ghoul opened its mouth menacingly at Jez. â€Å"Oh, very funny,† Claire was saying, right behind her. â€Å"Maybe I should help you with your homework. I hear you're not doing so great in chemistry-â€Å" Jez moved fast, stepping nimbly inside the door and slamming it in Claire's face, pressing the little knob in the handle to lock it. â€Å"Hey!† Now Claire sounded really mad. â€Å"That's rude!† â€Å"Uh, sorry, Claire!† Jez faced the ghoul. What was it doing here? If it had followed her home, she was in bad trouble. That meant the Night World knew where she was. â€Å"You know, Claire, I think I really need to be alone for a little while-I can't talk and do my homework.† She took a step toward the creature, watching its reaction. Ghouls were semi-vampires. They were what happened to a human who was bled out but didn't get quite enough vampire blood in exchange to become a true vampire. They were undead but rotting. They had very little mind, and only one idea in the world: to drink blood, which they usually did by eating as much of a human body as possible. They liked hearts. This ghoul was a new one, about two weeks dead. It was male and looked as if it had been a body-builder, although by now it wasn't so much buff as puffed. Its body was swollen with the gas of decomposition. Its tongue and eyes were protruding, its cheeks were chipmunk-like, and bloody fluid was leaking from its nose. And of course it didn't smell good. As Jez edged closer, she suddenly realized that the ghoul wasn't alone. She could now see around the foot of the bed, and there was a boy lying on the carpet, apparently unconscious. The boy had light hair and rumpled clothes, but Jez couldn't see his face. The ghoul was stooping over him, reaching for him with sausage-shaped fingers. â€Å"I don't think so,† Jez told it softly. She could feel a dangerous smile settling on her face. She reached into her right boot and pulled out the dagger. â€Å"What did you say?† Claire shouted from the other side of the door. â€Å"Nothing, Claire. Just getting out my homework.† Jez jumped onto the bed The ghoul was very big-she needed all the height she could get. The ghoul turned to face her, its lackluster bugeyes on the dagger. It made a little hissing sound around its swollen tongue. Fortunately that was all the noise it could make. Claire was rattling the door. â€Å"Did you lock this? What are you doing in there?† â€Å"Just studying, Claire. Go away.† Jez snapped a foot toward the ghoul, catching it under the chin. She needed to stun it and stake it fast Ghouls weren't smart, but like the Energizer Bunny they kept going and going. This one could eat the entire Goddard family tonight and still be hungry at dawn. The ghoul hit the wall opposite the bed. Jez jumped down, putting herself between it and the boy on the floor. â€Å"What was that noise?† Claire yelled. â€Å"I dropped a book.† The ghoul swung. Jez ducked. There were giant blisters on its arms, the brownish color of old blood. It rushed her, trying to slam her against the chest of drawers. Jez flung herself backward, but she didn't have much room to maneuver. It caught her in the stomach with an elbow, a jarring blow. Jez wouldn't let herself double over. She twisted and helped the ghoul in the direction it was already going, giving it impetus with her foot. It smacked into the window seat, facedown. â€Å"What is going on in there?† â€Å"Just looking for something.† Jez moved before the ghoul could recover, jumping to straddle its legs. She grabbed its hair-not a good idea; it came off in clumps in her hand. Kneeling on it to keep it still, she raised the sum bamboo knife high and brought it down hard. There was a puncturing sound and a terrible smell. The knife had penetrated just under the shoulder blade, six inches into the heart. The ghoul convulsed once and stopped moving. Claire's voice came piercingly from behind the closed door. â€Å"Mom! She's doing something in there!† Then Aunt Nan's voice: â€Å"Jez, are you all right?† Jez stood, pulling her bamboo dagger out, wiping it on the ghoul's shirt. â€Å"I'm just having a little trouble finding a ruler†¦.† The ghoul was in a perfect position. She put her arms around its waist, ignoring the feeling of skin slipping loose under her fingers, and heaved it up onto the window seat. There weren't many human girls who could have picked up almost two hundred pounds of dead weight, and even Jez ended up a little breathless. She gave the ghoul a shove, rolling it over until it reached the open window, then she stuffed and maneuvered it out. It fell heavily into a bed of impatiens, squashing the flowers. Good. She'd haul it away later tonight and dispose of it. Jez caught her breath, brushed off her hands, and closed the window. She drew the curtains shut, then turned. The fair-haired boy was lying perfectly still. Jez touched his back gently, saw that he was breathing. The door rattled and Claire's voice rose hysterically. â€Å"Mom, do you smell that smell?† Aunt Nan called, â€Å"Jez!† â€Å"Coming!† Jez glanced around the room. She needed something†¦ there. The bed. Grabbing a handful of material near the head of the bed, she flipped comforter, blankets and sheets over so they trailed off the foot, completely covering the boy. She tossed a couple of pillows on top of the pile for good measure, then grabbed a ruler off the desk. Then she opened the door, leaned against the doorframe casually, and summoned her brightest smile. â€Å"Sorry about that,† she said. â€Å"What can I do for you?† Claire and Aunt Nan just stared at her. Claire looked like a rumpled, angry kitten. The fine dark hair that framed her face was ruffled; she was breathing hard, and her almond-shaped eyes were flashing sparks. Aunt Nan looked more worried and dismayed. â€Å"Are you okay?† she said, leaning in slightly to try and get a look at Jez's room. â€Å"We heard a lot of noise.† And you'd have heard more earlier if you hadn't been watching TV. â€Å"I'm fine. I'm great. You know how it is when you can't find something.† Jez lifted the ruler. Then she stepped back and opened the door farther. Aunt Nan's eyes widened as she took in the mess. â€Å"Jez†¦ this does not happen when you can't find a ruler. This looks like Claire's room.† Claire made a choked sound of indignation. â€Å"It does not. My room's never been this bad. And what's that smell?† She slipped by Aunt Nan and advanced on Jez, who sidestepped to keep her from getting to the pile of blankets. Claire stopped dead anyway, her face wrinkling. She put a hand to cover her nose and mouth. â€Å"It's you,† she said, pointing at Jez. ‘You smell like that.† â€Å"Sorry.† It was true; what with all the contact she'd had with the ghoul, and the dirty knife in her boot, she was pretty ripe. â€Å"I think I stepped in something on the way home.† â€Å"I didn't smell anything when you came in,† Claire said suspiciously. â€Å"And that's another thing,† Aunt Nan said. She had been glancing around the room, but there was nothing suspicious to see except the unusual clutter-the curtains hung motionless over the shut window; the pile of bedding on the floor was still. Now she turned to face Jez again. â€Å"You didn't call to say you were going to miss dinner again. I need to know where you go after school, Jez. I need to know when you're going to be out late. It's common courtesy.† â€Å"I know. I'll remember next time. I really will.† Jez said it as sincerely as possible, and in a tone she hoped would close the subject. She needed to get rid of these people and look at the boy under the blankets. He might be seriously hurt. Aunt Nan was nodding. â€Å"You'd better. And you'd better take a shower before you do anything else. Throw your clothes in the laundry room; I'll put them in the wash.† She made as if to kiss Jez on the cheek, but stopped, wrinkled her nose, and then just nodded again at her. â€Å"And that's it? That's all?† Claire was looking at her mother in disbelief. â€Å"Mom, she's up to something, can't you see that? She comes in late, smelling like dead skunk and sewage and I don't know what, and then she locks herself in and bangs around and lies, and all you're going to say is Don't do it again'? She gets away with everything around here-â€Å" â€Å"Claire, quit it. She said she was sorry. I'm sure she won't let it happen again.† â€Å"If I did something like that you'd skin me, but, no, if Jez does it, it must be okay. Well, I'll tell you something else. She cut school today. She left before sixth period.† â€Å"Is that true, Jez?† a new voice asked. Uncle Jim was standing in the doorway, pulling at his chin with long fingers. He looked sad. It was true. Jez had left early to set up a trap for the vampire and shapeshifter. She looked at her uncle and made a regretful motion with her head and shoulders. â€Å"Jez, you just can't do that. I'm trying to be reasonable, but this is only the second week of school. You can't start this kind of behavior again. It can't be like last year.† He thought. â€Å"From now on, you leave your motorcycle at home. You drive to school and back with Claire, in the Audi.† Jez nodded. â€Å"Okay, Uncle Jim,† she said out loud. Now go away, she added silently. Thin curls of anxiety were churning in her stomach. â€Å"Thank you.† He smiled at her. â€Å"See?† Claire jumped in, her voice hitting a note to shatter glass. â€Å"This is just what I'm talking about! You never yell at her, either! Is it because you're afraid she'll run away, like she did from her dad's relatives? So everybody has to walk on eggshells around her because otherwise she'll just take off-â€Å" â€Å"Okay, that's it. I'm not listening to any more of this.† Aunt Nan waved a hand at Claire, then turned around to shoo Uncle Jim out of her path. Tm going to clean up the dinner table. If you two want to fight, do it quietly.† â€Å"No, it's better if they do their homework,† Uncle Jim said, moving slowly. â€Å"Both of you, do your homework, okay?† He looked at Jez in a way that was probably meant to be commanding, but came out wistful. â€Å"And tomorrow come home on time.† Jez nodded. Then both adults were gone, but Claire was staring after them. Jez couldn't be sure, but she thought there were tears in her eyes. Jez felt a pang. Of course, Claire was dead on about the leeway Aunt Nan and Uncle Jim gave her. And of course, it wasn't fair to Claire. I should say something to her. Poor little thing. She really feels bad†¦. But before she could open her mouth, Claire whirled around. The eyes that had been wet a moment ago were flashing. â€Å"You just wait,† she said. â€Å"They don't see through you, but I do. You're up to something, and I'm going to find out what it is. And don't think I can't do it.† She turned and stalked out the door. Jez stood for an instant, speechless, then she blinked and closed the door. She locked it. And then for the first time since she'd seen the ghoul, she allowed herself to let out a long breath. That had been close. And Claire was serious, which was going to be a problem. But Jez didn't have time to think about it now. She turned the clock radio on her nightstand to a rock station. A loud one. Then she flipped the covers off the foot of the bed and knelt. The boy was lying facedown, with one arm stretched over his head. Jez couldn't see any blood. She took his shoulder and carefully rolled him over. And stopped breathing. â€Å"Hugh.†

Advantages of a Web Presence

Advantages and disadvantages of a Web Presence The World Wide Web is a World Wide Market. It is a new way of selling. More and more customers expect to find your product news and specifications on the web. But even on the Net, you have to advertise your product. Using Internet as a media to advertise your product is different from traditional media. Through Internet companies can be present all over the world. Using the web as an advertising tool is the cheapest way to be discovered at every time. You can also quickly change your promotional campaign, in order to gain attention that may lead the consumer to the product. Online services become so popular because they provide two major benefits to potential buyers: Convenience: Customers can order products 24 hours a day wherever they are. They don't have to sit in traffic, find a parking space, and walk through countless aisles to find and examine goods. And they don't have to drive all the way to a store, only to find out that the desired product is out of stock. Information: Customers can find reams of comparative information about companies, products, and competitors without leaving their office or home. They can focus on objective criteria such as prices, quality, performance, and availability. Customers can expect the advantage to pull the information, to be drained into detailed catalog or other information about products and services for sale that they are looking for. They do not feel forced, they are looking for the information by themselves. Nevertheless it seems that Web advertising is much more price than image oriented. Web advertising does not seem the appropriate way to advert a product. According to BMRB International (annex 1) 37% of UK Net shoppers are not ready to purchase off-line They always fear to give their account number to a company they do not know. Today a well-known brand is a real competitive advantage. BRMB International has shown that 16% of purchases has done thanks to an implicit trust of established brands. Nevertheless it does not mean that it will stay an advantage in the future. Moreover the difference with more traditional media is that customers come to you and not you to the customers. You cannot retain their attention if they feel that it does not worth it. When you wish to expand your market share trough Internet, you have to consider the specificity of your target audience. At the present time people who buy through Internet are young, daily users of computers. But there are not only people used to Internet. Because e-business is growing up (annex 2), we can assume that most people have no experience in e-business. The audience can be both good Internet users and beginners. Dealing with communication interaction Security The World Wide Web is the fastest growing part of the Internet. Increasingly, it is also the part of the Internet that is the most vulnerable to attack. For users, a secure web server is one that will safeguard any personal information (bank account number) that is received or collected. It is one that supports their privacy and will not subvert browser to download viruses or other rogue programs onto their computer For a company, a secure web server is resistant to a determined attack over the Internet or from corporate insiders. In order to increase security, you can use a system for automatically encrypting information as it is sent over the Internet and decrypting it before it is used. One of Netscape Communication's early innovations was its SSL. You can also use firewalls, which is a device that isolates an organization's internal network from the Internet at large, allowing specific connections to pass and blocking others. Marketing / Communication It is really important to get people inform of the existence of your web site. You will have to shout it from the roof tops! You can use your letterhead, your cards or your leaflets to write your web address. You can also through a TV or board advertising campaign let people know about your site existence. As Jim Sterne says: your web site can be funny, pretty, useful, crisp and clean, but if you don't promote it, its message won't be seen. By the way you can also manage to register different key words on browsers in order to put make know your web site when people look for information in your business area. Deliveries and Payment If you use e-commerce on your website, once the buyer has searched through a catalog and made his decision to purchase, the order, the payment, the handle fulfillment and other aspects of order management have to be processed. The order processing must include the ability to group items together for later purchase; this capability is called a shopping cart in the case of retail transactions; it usually includes the ability to modify the contents of the shopping cart at any time. This way the buyer can discard items, add new ones, change the quantities and so on. To the purchase, the buyer will have additional charges such as sales taxes and shipping costs. The order processing system presents the buyer with an itemized order form including all the charges so the buyer can pay for the items. Information effect With the Internet, it is now possible to obtain accurate and immediate feedback from your customers (A daemon can count the number of hits). With access to this information, your business will be able to add the most personalized value to the customer. Tool such as the World Wide Web helps you to build more of your business decision-making based on outside information, and find out more about your non-customers and what non-customers and what they are doing, and why they are not customers. Fiscal and legal implications Internet is still largely unregulated. Because Internet is global (no territorial limits), electronic (no writing) and digital (perfect copies can be made almost instantaneously and repetitively), it is a source of different problems. The state of California tries to regulate e-business in California (annex 3). It seems very complex to set up a world wide regulation and, at the present time nobody knows what to do if something going wrong in the cyberspace. Concerning taxation, applying existing tax rules and system to the Internet world is tempting but does not answer to the needs of this marketplace. One key aspect to resolving the taxation issue of Internet commerce is to keep tax policies universal, uniform, and neutral. Resources needed to maintain the Site Obviously, resources need to maintain a web site is going to depend on the size of the web site. Whatever the size you firstly need to ask you few questions such as: Will this solution be flexible enough to accommodate change? Do we have the technical competencies to support Internet initiatives? Is this solution customizable to our needs and our customer needs? Do we have the technological infrastructure (network services; hardware, software) required to develop and scale? Do we have sufficient funding for ongoing web site maintenance? Do we have operations capabilities to support our Internet strategy? Web creation There are two different ways to create a web site. You can do it yourself or ask an agency to manage the creation of your web site. If you decide to create yourself your web site, you will need special coding software. But if you decide to delegate the creation to an agency, it might cost you around $750 for a basic web site (annex 4). Web maintenance However you must also take into consideration the maintenance. When you have created your web site, you must care to make it alive. You need to care about your human resources skills According to the Business Marketing Web Consortium the following roles should be filled:  · A Web Editor. Depending on the size of the site, this could be a part-time or a full-time person. The Web editor is responsible for content for a site.  · A Web Master, responsible for the infrastructure and technology supporting the website. Making sure that links link, and the site performs  · An Infomaster responsible for timely response to inquiries  · An overall Technology Leader, defining corporate standards and resources required Poor maintenance can severely damage a company's image Site Design and Structure As we have pointed out since the beginning, e-business is a new way of selling. When a potential customer gets connected to your site, you have not sell anything yet. There are different ways to attract customers to your product. Firstly, you need to care about your web design. It means that you should not forget that if there are too many pictures or electronic animations, download is going to take a while. If your site require downloading applications, they should downloaded in twenty seconds or less. Users of Internet expect fast and functional site (avoid horizontal scrolling). Web sites must be customers oriented rather than product oriented. Information value is much more important than glizz. Customers stay loyal because of the service, not because they like your web site. Simplicity and speed differentiate your site, making it easy for business customers to order. Secondly, Web marketers must ask if their markets are comfortable with English. Global marketers recommend adding local languages when needed. Thirdly, in order to maintain interest in your site, you have to make it interactive. Internet is both a business and communication tool, you must provide to users a page where you give relevant information on your product but also on your industry area. It is recommended to let customers express their feelings through email. But you do not do it only for the fun, your site must be professional (ie: updated, fast answers), that is why you have to deal with your e-customers as you are used to do with your offline customers. In order to support the design of your future web site, we would like to present this tree structure. There will be 7 theoretical pages linked together.

Enduring Love by Ian McEwan essays

Enduring Love by Ian McEwan essays In his novel, 'Enduring Love,' Ian McEwan presents to the audience a character which goes by the name of 'Jed Parry.' Parry's character has an incredibly important role in the book and develops a very obsessive love with the book's narrator, Joe Rose. Throughout the book, Parry's love is presented in many ways, which include being irrational, delusional, random and, like the title, enduring. McEwan does this by using different narrative techniques, structure, punctuation, imagery and sentence structure. A way that McEwan presents Parry's love is by using narrative techniques. Being a theme of the book, narratives and points of view play an important role in the novel and tell us a lot about characters true feeling and motivations. By using love letters to Joe, McEwan can give the reader an insight into Parry's true feelings of affection towards him. An example of this is the letter from chapter sixteen, "My love for you is hard and fierce, it won't take no for an answer, and it's moving steadily towards you, coming to claim you and deliver you. In other words, my love – which is also God's love – is your fate." (Page 136) By using the words "my love," it is made obvious that Parry is referring to himself, and therefore giving his perspective of the way that he feels. This is an effective way for McEwan to present his love because this narrative offers first-hand information that has not been clouded by another characters judgment of it. For example, if Joe were to describe Parry's love for him, his paranoia would cause him to over exaggerate it, thus causing it to be incorrect. By using the way that the novel is structured, McEwan can effectively present Parry's love. A way that he does this is by giving constant hints of Parry's feelings, as well as entwining the letters into the narratives. For example, this is shown when Joe shows Clarissa one of Parry's first letters, "She put down the page she had been hol...

Heinekein Company

Heinekein Company Company Profile Heineken is one of the largest beer brands in the world. In addition the company has more than 165 international. In this company the main aim is to have a worldwide best brand portfolio and be the leading brewer.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Heinekein Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Today beer is widely available and enjoyed in most countries and cultures all over the world. Heineken is one of the largest companies in a global network of distributors and breweries. In addition, Heineken manufactures the world’s most popular beer brands. The headquarters of the company has both centralized and decentralized organization to enhance global marketing. Specific guidelines have been put up to provide the face of the brand with fundamental values and add value for local marketers. The company has an executive board that creates and implements the corporate strategy and manages all compani es related to it. The board members are appointed by shareholders of the company who ensure that the company’s strategies are enacted. The company aims at striking equilibrium between the various managerial positions within the whole conglomerate. Promotional events of the company entail incorporation of the various managers’ submission of budgets and strategies in the specific market spheres. These are then viewed by the headquarters to allow for consistency in Heinekens international advertising. Product Name The name of the product is Heineken beer. Heineken has a cooperate culture whereby it enables the organization to adapt and integrate into the culture in which they will be operated.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Heinekens name is picked after being viewed as an integral part of the societies it is present. Much value is put on respect, honor and understanding the socio-political nature and the local culture consuming the product. History In Central Europe, Heineken is the largest brewery; it has a number of brands that are well marketed. Heineken is usually marketed around the world as a premium brand; in terms of price towards the customers (Sharon 300). The company adopted the laid down ideology of the Dutch Corporate Governance Code (Ashish and David 34). The company has a strong foothold in the european markets that account for almost half of its revenues. Information According to a study done by Project Come it proved that the brand’s uniqueness arises from a strong foundation that comprises of various unique attributes of the Heineken brand. It was evident that the Heineken beer brand was loved and adored by many consumers due to these unique characteristics. The ingredients of the beer mainly include, hops water and yeast. All these are supplied by farmers nearest to the production plant. Target market Th e target market of the brand is wide with much focus put on the youth above eighteen years of age. The brand is also widely found throughout Europe, Africa and America. A higher percentage of those who consume the product are middleclass individuals who enjoy their drinks in bars. However, in certain countries the beer is taken during occasions while others take it as a daily consumption beer (Heiat, Gross and Krumholz 1685). Strengths Heineken as a beer is produced on the high quality standards.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Heinekein Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The beer has attractive packaging that pleases the customer. Heineken is a lighter beer with less alcoholic content. The beer has a special unique taste. The formula used to prepare the beer is original with none of it used anywhere. The brand is widely available. Heineken is a premium brand beer that is available to its customers in terms of price. An additional strength to it is that it is the most heavily advertised premium beer in Europe and worldwide and use TV commercials heavily. The appearance and make of the Heineken bottle and logo puts the brand ahead of the rest.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Weaknesses The brand lacks an integrated marketing campaign. The efforts necessary for brand revitalization are not present. The brand image is not consistent with the brand communication. In certain areas there is no production base. Cultural factors have played a big role in limiting the expansion of the Heineken brand in various markets. Heineken is usually consumed by patrons of a slightly older generation when compared to other brands. There is a challenge in enabling the brand to be accepted by teenagers and younger individuals. Cost; the cost of Heineken compared to most beer brands are on the higher side. There brand lacks worldwide advertising thus market for the brand is not well reached. The TV commercials that are aired basically reach the larger markets only. Opportunity The company has an opportunity of sponsoring sports both at local and regional levels. Information technology has created an opportunity to Heinekens upgrade on security. Business operations in and outs ide the company is increasing. For example, the current advancement in technology has opened a large market to access world population without any barrier. This has enabled the company to reach various areas of the world. Threats The long-lasting proclaimed of superiority the Heineken brand may in itself be a threat. This is to enable the brand to flourish and have a strong reputation. Heineken meets a challenge to enhance a global recognition through the identity of the brand, to maintain a healthy financial position. With globalization going on, more brewers are looking for new markets, while governments on the other hand have an intention of gaining maximum profit and also get empathy on ethical grounds by imposing taxes that are heavy on beer imports. In London, drinking alcohol on public transport is prohibited; this will hence decrease the market of Heineken as individuals want to enjoy their beers wherever and whenever they want to. Economic changes that occur in revenues of a country would also pose a threat to the sales of Heineken. Currency fluctuation could create a threat to the company’s results. Recession in certain countries has brought individuals to choose an alternative drink that is cheaper; as a result Heinekens distribution aspect faces a threat. The brand might face a decline in consumption as the lifestyle of this new generation has changed due to lack of time and individuals spend less time in bars. This would then lead to a fall in sales volume. The threat for power of supplier is high as the main suppliers of raw materials to the company are farmers. The threat for power of buyers is also high as the consumers have a wide variety of companies serving beer and thus the choice of the customer’s preference is not limited. Today, there is a high number of small breweries being opened up making the industry very competitive, making Heineken have no choice but to share the market with other brewers. Therefore, there is a threa t of probable new entries in the beer industry. The threat of substitutes; Due to the above threats Heineken may be forced to create a new and unique product that can sustain the competition the face in the beer market. Since beer is an alcohol beverage, an individual may choose to switch to drink wine which also contains alcohol. This will also affect the beer market which as well affects the sale of Heineken. As a result, the threat of substitute for beer market is high. Recommendations Different stages of the product in different markets dictate employment of different strategies such that in growing markets both pulling and pushing strategies are suitable (Britton, et al. 115). In these advertisements they should also be able to focus on the local market thus market mix should also be observed whereby the consumer will develop a greater emotional link to the company. The website developed for the company should be able to attract every consumer depending on the area. Thus local language should be used on different countries. If the company is involved in sponsorship, there is a high chance of it opening up to its marketing. This can be through sports and music events or films targeting to appropriate demographic profiles. Also, its global branding strategy should account for the socio-cultural influences, attitudes and the perception of its consumers in all foreign markets. This will enable the headquarters marketing forces to play an important advisory role for local partners (Herring, Patti, et al. 427). Ashish, Chandra, and David, Paul. ‘Modern Brewing technologies‘. Hosp Top 3.81 (2003): 33-38. Britton, Annie, et al. â€Å"Beer brewing: Threats to success on heinekenâ€Å". Journal of Breweries 4.2 (1999): 112-121. Heiat, Asefeh, Gross, Cary, and Krumholz, Harlan. ‘European business techniques,’ Beer Industry 162.1 (2002): 1682–1688. Herring, Patti, et al. ‘Understanding the challenges in attainig an excellent b eer industry: The beer study,’ Ethn Dis 14.3 (2004): 423–430. Sharon, Mason.‘How Europe and worldwide and use TV commercials.’ Heineken beer 30.1 (2004): 296-304.

Cultural Understanding Of Emotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cultural Understanding Of Emotion - Essay Example Campos and Barrett (1984:233) have described emotion as â€Å"regulators and determinants of both intra-personal and interpersonal behaviors.† The construction of emotion in the West is based upon the principle of the autonomy of the individual, therefore individual differences are praised and supported in the societies of America and Western Europe. However, as opposed to this, Asian societies place a greater value upon interconnectedness, therefore values such as self sacrifice for the benefit of others and the maintenance of social harmony are seen to be important in a collective society. As opposed to individual goals, it is collective goals that are deemed more important in Asian societies. This also impacts upon the emotional expressions in these respective societies. While western societies favor a more open display of emotions, in Asian countries, the display of emotions such as anger and love are more covert. While the focus on self may make individuals in Western nat ions less sensitive to the needs of others, in Asian societies, the display of individual emotions that could cause pain or hurt to others may be frowned upon. Cultural Theories: Lively and Powall (2006) have carried out an examination of the strategies that individuals use to express emotion. They have focused in particular upon anger and how it is used as a means to express emotion.

Provision 7 case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Provision 7 - Case Study Example Therefore, Melisa should devise an effective strategy to address the problem before it gets out of hand. The interaction of the instructor and the student will bear some influence on behavior perception. In this regard, Melisa should be vigilant when relating with the students to avoid development of negative attitude by the students. There are many approaches that the instructor can use to solve the problem facing the student and other difficulties facing the entire students’ body. For instance, the instructor can call the student in a private room or an open field where they are just the two of them and dialogue about the problem facing the student. Doing this gives the student assurance that the conversation is secure and that personal information cannot leak to a third party. After identification of the problem, the nursing instructor should prescribe the appropriate method of handling the problem. In addition, the instructor should refer the student to a professional counsellor to facilitate effective solution of the problem. In summary, nursing instructors should always be prepared to address both simple and complex problems facing the students, in addition, nursing instructors should engage in regular training to enhance development of diverse